Power supply waveform (voltage waveform)
There is a direct current and exchange in science as I learned in science. Direct current is a constant voltage that indicates a straight waveform. The alternating current is a waveform that goes up and down.
- Direct current (direct current)
- Alternating Current (Alternative Current)
The output from the battery itself is direct current, but household appliances and other products require AC power supplies, so portable power supplies convert direct current into alternating current.
The output at this time is roughly divided into “Kukeiha”, which shows a straight direct current in a straight line, and one that outputs with a waveform called “Sine wave” similar to a commercial power supply that can be obtained from a wall outlet.
- Rectangle wave
- Sine wave
In the square wave NG
It is easy to understand that you can use home appliances with sine waves, but it remains a question whether it is not good for rectangular waves.
It is not that the square wave is absolutely useless. Some electrical appliances work normally even in rectangular waves, but there are also appliances that do not work.
If it does not work with sine waves, it may be a defective product to be returned as a defective product, but I think that it is not covered by the manufacturer’s warranty even if it does not operate with square waves.
If possible, it is better that the power supply is not a square wave.
The waveform is visible.
The company is a registered electrical contractor. It is the “electrician” of the person who is doing the work. It is not a “electrician shop” that sells home appliances.
As an electrician who goes out to the construction site and works, we have the electric measuring instruments necessary to do it.
This time, we will use HIOKI’s 3351T “line monitor” and “power supply quality analyzer” and other devices.
By using this electric measuring instrument, you can see the waveform of the wall outlet. If you change the probe, you can check it anywhere on the switchboard.
For example, a waveform like the figure below will appear.
Waveform of wall outlet
The power supply acquired by the outlet on the wall is called “commercial power supply”.
The outlet (outlet) that plugs in two parallel blades is 100V. It is 50Hz in eastern Japan and 60Hz in western Japan.
The commercial power supply is as shown in the figure below when viewed with the power supply quality analyzer. The measurement area is the Kansai Electric Power Area, 60Hz area.
Waveform of storage battery
You can also observe the waveform of the storage battery.
The power supply waveform of LACITA’s ENERBOX-SP product is as shown in the figure below.
I think that the waveform is very similar to the above-mentioned commercial power supply, beautiful.
Next, I will try a smaller battery. The power supply quality measurement results of RAVPower’s RP-PB055 are as shown in the figure below.
Next, I will try it with a large storage battery. EENOUR’s P2001PLUS model also shows sine wave alternating current.
The waveform of the commercial power supply and the storage battery, there is no difference even if you enlarge it. At least the home appliances are not aware of the difference, and they are in a state where they can be used without problems.
Equipment (storage battery)
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LACITA ENERBOX-SP 444Wh/120000mAh/400W Dustproof and anti-fog IP44
LACITA ENERBOX-SP 444Wh/120000mAh/400W Dustproof and anti-fog IP44 Portable power supply with lithium-nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA) and IP44 waterproof standard. Main body battery capacity 120,000mAh (444Wh), size 303mm x 134mm x 184mm, 5kg, light weight compact. |
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RAVPower 30000mAh 100W AC output PD 60W RP-PB055
Equipped with lithium-ion batteries. Supports AC100W output and 30000mAh charging. USB-C port with 60W output. Full charge in three hours. Light weight 1kg |
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EENOUR Storage Battery P2001PLUS (Smartphone Interlocking Version)
Large capacity 2048Wh/640000mAh Lithium iron phosphate battery Smartphone application remote control and remote monitoring Input power can be adjusted when charging, 1.6 hours fast charging Maximum 2400W output Companies such as USB TYPE-C output 100W and DC12V cigar sockets |
Generator Waveform
The power waveform of the generator is very similar to the commercial power supply, just like the storage battery.
The figure below shows the waveform of the generator enepo of Honda Motor Co., Ltd., which is also a motorcycle manufacturer.
The figure below is the waveform of the generator called EENOUR’s GS2200ID-B, which was procured last year. This is also a beautiful waveform.
Equipment (generator)
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Honda Generator Enepo EU9iGB 900VA
It is a portable generator that can generate power with two cassette gas cylinders. Rated AC output 50/60Hz: 100V-0.9kVA, continuous operation 1.1-2.2hr, 365mm x 524mm x 262mm, noise 79-84dB |
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EENOUR Inverter Generator GS2200iD-B
[Generators powered by two fuels] A two-sword style of versatile gasoline and cassette gas cylinders sold at convenience stores. When used at construction sites, it can be operated for a long time with gasoline for a long time and low cost, and in response to power outages, it can be prepared with a cassette gas cylinder that can be stored for a long time. [High power even in cassette cylinders] It achieves 1700W of power generation with cassette gas, and high output of 1800W when using gasoline. |
Car Inverter Waveform
Since the waveform of the car inverter is not measured, there is no data, but the instrument that is not a sine wave in the manufacturer’s nominal is scattered.
I saw a product called “Corrected Sine Wave” on Amazon, but this seems to mean “corner wave”. The sine curve and sine wave are those that can be calculated with the “sign” of the sine, Cosin Tangente, which I learned in mathematics, and can draw the waveform, but the square wave is not a sine.
There are also car inverters that can produce sine waves. The price range is several times different compared to the rectangular wave.
[Reference] Amazon: Pure Sine Wave Car Inverter
Power supply quality
If the power waveform is clean, the power supply quality is good, it is not so.
If you look closely at the waveform, the waves may be jagged. It is a beautiful sine wave if you look far away, but if you look closer, it is often jagged. If it does not affect the electrical appliances, it is okay as it is.
It is often possible that the waveform is partially distorted.
This may cause the electrical appliances to stop, but in most cases, it is good to see that it does not have much impact. If possible, I would like you to draw a beautiful sine wave, but these waveforms are scattered due to the tone of the engine of the generator and the fluctuation on the load side.
If the entire waveform is turned and distorted occurs, the voltage may become unstable, so it may be troublesome.
The figure below drew a waveform with a free hand, but not only the height of the right shoulder rising like this, but also the one that the waveform becomes the height of disparateness is not good, and if the voltage drops too much, it may be close to a power outage.
As for the quality of the power supply, the part related to the voltage is important.
Waveform missing
I don’t want it to exist, but it is the lack of waveforms that it does not necessarily happen.
Low Voltage
If the voltage is low, the electrical appliances may not work.
For example, in the case of an electrical appliance with an 85V threshold, it may stop if 85V is below 0.1V.
In addition, if you move suspiciously around 85V, only some functions and parts of the electrical appliance will stop, and there is a risk that the electrical appliance will fail.
The author has also experienced this event.
The instantaneous low voltage, called “moisturine low”, is close to this event, but the instantaneous low that can occur with commercial power supplies is an event that can occur even with generators.
The generator vs. Batteries
As for the power supply quality, it is until that time when it is said that there is not much difference between generators and storage batteries. As I said so far, it is beautiful to look at any of them.
Storage batteries generally produce sine wave alternating current in a DC-AC converter, a device that converts direct current into alternating current. Since the storage battery is a collection of DC3.7V cells, it is also necessary to adjust the voltage.
I think that there are many cases where AC-AC converters are used for generators. In the case of an alternator, the power generated is alternating current, so it is necessary to convert it to 50Hz or 60Hz 100V, the same as commercial alternating current.
The waveform of the generator may be affected by the speed of the engine, etc., and the waveform may be disturbed. If the engine speed fluctuates according to the power demand, it is affected by the load, but if it is a fixed output type that continues to produce a constant power at a constant speed, the waveform will be stable because there are few elements that fluctuate.
Many types of storage batteries change the output according to the load, so it is assumed that the waveform will be disturbed due to fluctuations in the load. On the other hand, it is thought that it is difficult for batteries to fluctuate due to constant voltage and power source due to direct current.
In a simple desk, if the generator with a fixed output is stabilized after the heating is finished and the engine is stable, there are few elements that cause waveforms to be disturbed, and it can be said that it draws a beautiful waveform.
Before the “time”
I think that there are many cases where storage batteries and generators are held as a preparation in case of emergency.
It is dangerous not to use it until you face an emergency situation. I’m just worried about testing.
We should conduct load tests based on what we want to do in the event of a power outage.
Help in peacetime and in times of emergency
We are an electrical contractor and we are a disaster prevention consulting company. In addition, we have rare consultants who are strong in essential business.
In essential businesses such as medical care and nursing care, it is not possible to take a day off even if a power outage occurs. It is necessary to have a disaster mitigation measure on the premise that it will not be closed.
We have the ability to do this consulting.
The target also applies to the patient. It is also our job to prevent power outages in homes where there are medical care children / caregivers.
We also provide emergency consulting on power outages and mitigation in ordinary homes where there are only healthy people in ordinary homes.
